ABSTRACT
Resumen: ANTECEDENTES El síndrome metabólico se define como un grupo de afecciones que implican incremento de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y diabetes tipo 2. Su prevalencia va en aumento y es una prioridad preventiva en la comunidad científica. OBJETIVO cuantificar las horas de sueño y conocer el riesgo de síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño y su relación con síndrome metabólico en trabajadores. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO Estudio epidemiológico transversal, efectuado en trabajadores de la Administración Pública española durante los reconocimientos de vigilancia periódica de la salud de enero a diciembre de 2015. Se valoró el riesgo de síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño mediante los cuestionarios Epworth y Stop-Bang y su influencia en el síndrome metabólico con criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF) y Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 1110 pacientes; se encontró que el número de horas de sueño no guarda relación con la existencia mayor de síndrome metabólico en población trabajadora. La detección de síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño con la prueba Epworth y con Stop-Bang mostró relación significativa con la existencia de síndrome metabólico con ambos criterios (IDF y ATP III). CONCLUSIONES El mayor riesgo de síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño muestra relación estadística con mayor prevalencia de síndrome metabólico.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome includes a group of conditions involving an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Its growing prevalence makes it a preventive priority in the scientific community. OBJECTIVE To quantify sleep hours and to know the risk of sleep apnoea detected and the relationship with the metabolic syndrome in workers. MATERIAL AND METHOD An epidemiological cross-sectional study was done in 1110 workers in the Spanish Public Administration during periodic health surveillance from January to December 2015. The risk of presenting nocturnal apnoea was assessed using Epworth and Stop-Bang questionnaires, and their influence on metabolic syndrome with International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria. RESULTS The number of hours of sleep is not related to the greater presence of metabolic syndrome in the working population. The detection of obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome with Epworth and Stop-Bang questionnaires showed significant relationship with metabolic syndrome with IDF and ATP III criteria. CONCLUSIONS The highest risk of obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome assessed shows statistic relation to a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effects of mandibular advancement device (MAD) upon nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the genioglossus.@*Methods@#Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits (male, six months old), in accordance with the random number table, were equally divided into three groups, the control group, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) group and MAD group. All animals were induced to sleep in supine position for 2 hours every morning in the next 8 weeks. The specimens of genioglossus were prepared. The relative expression of NF-κB p65 was measured with Western blotting and the mass concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.@*Results@#The relative expressions of NF-κB p65 protein in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were 0.24±0.07, 0.44±0.08 and 0.30±0.09, respectively. The mass concentrations of TNF-α in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were (0.065±0.020), (0.097±0.018) and (0.071±0.020) μg/L, respectively. The mass concentrations of IL-6 in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were (0.063±0.013), (0.093±0.017), and (0.069±0.014) μg/L, respectively. For the above indicators, the data in OSAHS group were all significantly higher than that in MAD group and the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between MAD group and the control group (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Treatment of OSAHS with MAD decreased the mass concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 leading to fatigue of genioglossus, reduced the activation of NF-κB and played a significant role in protecting genioglossus.